Fig. 2

Combined RNA-seq and intracellular amino acid profiling analyses of BV2 cells treated with MNPs@SiO₂(RITC) for 12 h. a Star plot showing altered levels of 7 out of 19 amino acids evaluated in BV2 cells after MNPs@SiO₂(RITC) treatment. Target levels were normalized to the corresponding values in the non-treated control group. b SIM chromatograms of the 7 amino acids in (i) control, (ii) 10 µg/ml, and (iii) 100 µg/ml MNPs@SiO₂(RITC)-treated BV2 cells. c Transcriptome and amino acid network for 100 µg/ml MNPs@SiO₂(RITC)-treated BV2 cells constructed IPA. Red and green areas indicate the up- and downregulated genes, respectively. As cut-offs, fold changes > 1.5 or <–1.5 for genes and of > 1.2 or <–1.2 for amino acids were used. d RT-qPCR analysis of gene expression in each group, using GAPDH as an internal control. Data represent the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05 vs. non-treated control