Fig. 7
TNF-α secretion by LPS-primed BMDMs after chasing with TiO2 +/− peptidoglycan or MDP. BMDMs from WT and Nod2 m/m mice were pre-stimulated for 3 h with LPS (10 ng/mL). Then BMDMs were incubated for 3 h with the indicated concentrations of TiO2 particles suspended in TCM alone (a) or suspended in TCM + 10 μg/mL MDP (MDP) or TCM + 10 μg/mL peptidoglycan (PGN) (b). Supernatant concentrations of TNF-α were analysed by ELISA. Data represent mean ± SD from two independent experiments with three replicates each, n = 6. a Results were analysed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test; *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 compared to respective WT or Nod2 m/m cells incubated without TiO2