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Table 8 Overview of the direction of observed metabolomic effects in various biochemical pathways following HepG2 exposures to CeO2, CuO and SiO2 particles

From: Metabolomic effects of CeO2, SiO2 and CuO metal oxide nanomaterials on HepG2 cells

Biochemical Pathway

Lipids fatty acids monoacyl-glycerols

Lipids Phospholipids Sphingolipids Lysolipids

Ascorbic acid synthesis

Glucuronidation-related

Methylation-related

Glutathione-related

Dipeptides

NAD-(P)H system

Glycogen

Creatinine metabolism

Polyamines

Nucleotides

Nucleic acid degrad-ation products

CeO2

Up

Down

Down

Down

Down

Down

Up

Up

Up

Down

Up

CuO

Up

Up

Down

Down

Up

Down

Up

Up

Up

Up

Up

SiO2

Up

Down

Down

Down

Up

Up

Down

Example biochemical in pathway

oleate (18:1n9)

choline phosphate

gulonic acid

UDP-glucuronate

S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM)

gamma-glutamyl-threonine

phenylalanyl-alanine

NADPH

maltotriose

creatinine

putrescine

Cytidine 5′- monophos-phate (5′-CMP)

urate

Data in Table number

Tables 3 and 4

Tables 3 and 4

Table 5

Table 5

Table 5

Table 5

Table 6

Table 6

Table 6

Table 7

Table 7

Table 7

Table 7

  1. Key: Up = several increases observed; Down = several decreases observed; − = No obvious pattern observed