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Fig. 8 | Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Fig. 8

From: The role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in zinc oxide nanoparticle-induced nephrotoxicity in vitro and in vivo

Fig. 8

ZnO NPs pathways and effects in kidney cells. ZnO NPs induce apoptosis and the HIF-1α signaling pathway through ROS generation, eventually leading to nephrotoxicity. Furthermore, ZnO NP-induced autophagy may be mediated by the induction of the HIF-1α signaling pathway. Inhibition of HIF-1α by HIF-1α siRNA increases the cytotoxicity, indicating a protective role of HIF-1α. In addition, CTGF and PAI-1, which are directly regulated by HIF and are related to the renal fibrosis, are increased after ZnO NP treatment

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