Table 8 Histopathological evaluation of the bovine corneas incubated with 16 OECD representative nanomaterials or the Ag dispersant

TiO₂ NM-100

1

0

Multifocal brown pigment remnants on squamous surface

TiO₂ NM-101

1

I

Multifocal desquamation and brown granules on the epithelial surface

TiO₂ NM-102

1

0

Brown granules on squamous surface

TiO₂ NM-103

1

0

No findings

TiO₂ NM-104

1

0

No findings

TiO₂ NM-105

1

0

No findings

ZnO NM-110

1

I

Multifocal desquamation

ZnO NM-110

2

I

Diffuse desquamation

ZnO NM-111

1

0

No findings

SiO₂ NM-200

1

0

No findings

SiO₂ NM-203

1

0

No findings

CeO₂ NM-211

1

I

Multifocal vacuolation in the squamous and wing cell layers; multifocal desquamation and brown granules on the epithelial surface

CeO₂ NM-212

1

I

Multifocal desquamation and brown granules on the epithelial surface

Ag NM-300 K

1

IV

All corneas: diffuse cell loss in the squamous and wing layers; two corneas, additionally: multifocal eosinophilic precipitate on the basal lamina; multifocal cell lysis in the basal layer; pyknosis of the upper keratocytes of the stroma

Ag NM-300 K

2

n.e.

Corneal epithelium completely detached and missing

Ag dispersant NM-300 K DIS

1

II

Diffuse vacuolation / edema of the squamous and upper wing cell layers; desquamation of the squamous cell layer

Ag dispersant NM-300 K DIS

2

IV

Multifocal vacuolation of basal layer, epithelial detachment from basal lamina, multifocal eosinophilic precipitate between basal layer and stroma

MWCNT NM-400

1

0

No findings

MWCNT NM-401

1

0

No findings

MWCNT NM-402

1

0

No findings

aSiO₂-susp

1

II

Diffuse cell loss

Quartz dust DQ12

1

0-I

1 cornea: no findings; 2 corneas: multifocal desquamation

Pigment Red 57:1

1

0

No findings

Pigment Yellow 95

1

0

No findings

Pigment Black 32

1

0

No findings

Talc

1

0

No findings