Figure 2

Cytotoxicity of the particles to HUVECs and THP-1 cells. A): HUVECs and B): THP-1 cells. Cells were exposed to increasing doses of particles for 24 h, and the cytotoxicity was determined by the MTS assay. Normal HUVECs or THP-1 cells without particle treatment served as controls. The results are presented as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each of which was carried out in triplicate. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. control. (FeNPs: Fe₃O₄ particles; SiNPs: SiO₂ particles).