Effects of particulate matter on inflammatory markers in the general adult population

Table 2 Change (and 95 % CI) in inflammatory markers associated with a 10 μg/m ³ change in ambient 24 h average PM ₁₀ concentration

	Crude effects (95 % CI)	p-value	Adjusted effects (95 % CI)^a	p-value
hs-CRP (μg/mL)	0.004 (−0.015, 0.016)	0.961	−0.002 (−0.017, 0.013)	0.820
IL-1β (pg/mL)	0.040 (0.016, 0.065)	0.001	0.034 (0.007, 0.060)	0.014
IL-6 (pg/mL)	0.026 (0.006, 0.045)	0.010	0.036 (0.015, 0.057)	0.001
TNF-α (pg/mL)	0.015 (0.004, 0.025)	0.005	0.024 (0.013, 0.035)	<0.001

^§ Covariates included in the model: sex, age, BMI, alcohol consumption, smoking status, education levels, zip code, statin, diabetes, hypertension, season, outdoor air temperature, and outdoor air pressure. Data are coefficients from robust regression models.

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