From: Nanoparticle exposure at nanotechnology workplaces: A review
Nanomaterial
Production
Handling & refinement
Bagging & shipping
Processing
Powder or suspension
In a fixed matrix
Carbon Black
[3]
[3, 37]
[2, 37]
[38]
CNT, CNF, fullerenes
[4, 33, 46, 48–51, 54]
[38, 33, 4, 46, 45, 50, 49, 54]
[4, 45]
[38, 45, 50–52]
[42, 52]
Ag
[41, 55]
[41]
[33, 53]
TiO2
[39, 56, 55]
[39, 33, 56]
SiO2
[39, 43]
[36]
[43]
Al2O3
[39]
[44, 53, 54]
[44, 54]
Metals
[39, 33, 51]
[39, 33]
[33]
Metal oxides
[39, 43, 33, 45]
[45]
[43, 33, 45, 47]
Others
[40]